| Energy is the main issue of concern now days. As we | | | | Some impurities are added in order to create negative |
| all are aware of the fact that the energy is being | | | | and positive side and current flows in one direction |
| utilized in every phase of life today because of | | | | making a PN junction results in emission of light |
| people's exuberant lifestyles whether it is fuel for car, | | | | whereas normal incandescent lights operate on |
| cooking gas or oil, office lighting, electricity for running | | | | principle of light emission due to thermal radiation i.e., |
| machines and manufacturing units, for heat and light. In | | | | when an electric current is passed through a filament it |
| each and every aspect of life demand of light is there. | | | | resists flow of electrons producing heat which is visible |
| We have witnessed many energy crises in recent | | | | as light. |
| past like that of 1970 oil production energy crises in | | | | Electricity is mostly consumed in office lightning and |
| countries like Germany, US and Canada, hike in price | | | | manufacturing units. So it is important to use energy |
| of oil due to gulf war,2000-01 California electricity crises | | | | efficient equipments in these areas. The main |
| due to deregulation and business corruption etc. There | | | | advantage that these LED have on incandescent |
| have been regular increase in oil price since 2003 due | | | | appliances is follows.LED produce more light per watt |
| to increased global petroleum demand and production | | | | irrespective of their size and shape making it more |
| stagnation in 2008, South Africa witnessed prolonged | | | | efficient. They emit intended color light without the use |
| electricity crises at the same time central Asia was | | | | of filters lowering initial costs. Due to their small size |
| dealing with the same because of cold temperature | | | | (smaller than 2mm.) hence they can be easily printed |
| and low water table as it is dependent on hydroelectric | | | | on circuit boards. As they light up very quickly within |
| power. | | | | microseconds they can be of best use in |
| Our population is growing 1/4th of a million per day | | | | communication devices. They are ideal for frequent on |
| increasing the consumption and use of energy more | | | | off cycling and does not take long before restarting. |
| for energy intensive lifestyles of people. Above | | | | Effect can easily be lowered by pulse width |
| mentioned data shows that it is high time that more | | | | modulation. Low emission of infra red light (IR) is a |
| efficient, low cost, environment friendly resources | | | | pulse point when used in areas where heat is not the |
| should be discovered for the future energy need | | | | requirement. They burn out dimming over time. Long |
| before it is too late and we have to face global | | | | shelf life of 35,000 - 50,000 hours as compared to |
| energy crises. Alternative resources that are explored | | | | incandescent which has 1,000-2,000 hours, shock |
| are nuclear energy, wind energy and solar energy. But | | | | resistance, solid package designed to focus its light |
| it is of no use until and unless we use them more | | | | which will work as a great advantage in the office |
| judiciously and in most economic way. For this we | | | | lightning operations. And intoxicate as it does not use |
| need more innovative energy saving devices which | | | | mercury are other benefits that make is human and |
| help us to save energy base for coming future. | | | | environment friendly. |
| LED, light emitting diode (semiconductor) invented by | | | | So it can be inferred that as the time passes we |
| Nick Holonyak jr. (1962). It works on the principle of | | | | should shift from more efficient devices like LED in |
| semiconductors through which electricity can pass. | | | | office lightning. |