Termites - Master Architects of the Animal Kingdom

Termites are often called white ants, but are totallycrops of fungi, which they then feed on.
unrelated to ants. For starters, termites belong to theIn the center of the nest, near the base, lies the royal
order Isoptera while ants belong to the orderchamber in which the queen and king reside. A steady
Hymenoptera. It gets a little more complicated fromstream of workers tend to her needs, and collects the
there. Some termite species actually do look andeggs which she hatches, which can be up to
behave like ants, but the trick is to look at theirthousands a day. And as much as she is an egg laying
antennae and their waists. Termites have no waists tomachine and the queen of the colony, the queen is
speak of, whereas ants do. Also, termites haveimprisoned along with the king, in the royal chamber
straight antennae, while ants have bent antennae.and cannot leave it for the rest of their lives, as the
It also should be realized that all termites areentry holes are too small for them to pass through.
vegetarian while ants are mostly carnivorous, althoughOther areas in the mound contain nurseries which
not all are. Being vegetarian meant that some termitehouse the eggs and nymphs, while a complicated
species evolved into fungus growers, and constructsystem of air vents regulate the flow of air in the
the biggest structures in the animal kingdom on a sizemound, which the termites control by closing and
to nest ratio. That is why termites earned theiropening. Other tunnels lead to the water table, keeping
reputation as the undisputed master architects of thethe moisture and humidity levels constant. Thus, the
animal kingdom.termites are able to perform a marvelous feat of
Not all species are able to build mounds though; theengineering in the desert like conditions of the African
ones that do build the biggest mounds belong to theplains.
family Macrotermes, and can build mounds almost tenThus have termites managed to survive for millennia,
meters high and four meters wide at the base. Within,by utilizing a mysterious "swarm intelligence" which
the mounds provide an environment where thehumans have been unable to fathom until today. It is no
temperature is constant, and the termites are able towonder they have been called super organisms.
construct specialized "gardens" made from woodPerhaps, mankind can learn a thing or two from the
particles from their foraging activities, in order to growtermites.