Wind Energy - How Does It Fit Into Our Future?

I saw a posting on Facebook this week that asked, "IsAmerican Energy Association. Over the past 20 years,
wind energy for real? I have been told that it is justa strong DOE-funded R&D effort combined with
hype". My thoughts were that if you lived in theprivate partnerships has lowered the base cost of
Southwest you would witness daily the progress ofwind energy from around 80 cents/kWh to as low as
wind energy. We in the Southeast and Northeast see4 cents/kWh. When combined with the government
occasional wind generators and do not relate to thetax incentives which provide an incentive of 1.9 cents
future of wind energy. If we visited the EuropeankWh for the first 10 years of a project, and other tax
countries, especially Germany, we would see a majorconsiderations, the cost of wind energy becomes very
growth in wind energy generation. The progression ofcompetitive, and is sometimes lower than conventional
harvesting energy from moving air can no longer begeneration sources.
thought of as tilting at windmills. Wind energy will be aIn Canada the wind generating capacity nearly doubled
major player in the replacement of fossil fuels.in 2006, .adding 657 new MW for a total of more than
The key reason for the acceptance of wind energy is1.3 GW. The Canadian Wind Energy Association's goal
its dropping cost for electrical energy. Over the pastis for 10,000 MW of installed wind energy in Canada
three decades, the cost of a watt of electricityby the year 2010, enough to supply 5% of Canada's
generated by wind has dropped to equal the cost ofelectricity needs. Denmark currently generates over
fossil fuel. During the 1970s, turbine blades were 3220% of its power from the wind, an attainable goal for
feet long and wind power cost $2.00 per kilowattCanada. If wind energy were to generate 20% of
(kW-hr). Today, wind turbines with blades 130 feet longCanada's electricity, it would be the second largest
have cut the cost to around .05 cents per kW-hr. withsource of electricity behind hydro and ahead of
federal subsidies to build the installation. In the future,nuclear, natural gas and coal.
the cost of wind energy will continue to decease whileEuropean countries are leading U.S. and Canada in the
fossil fuels will continue to increase.adoption of wind energy. The total capacity of new
As noted above, the larger blades are more efficient inwind turbines brought on line across the European
producing electricity. This is because more wind isUnion last year was 8,554 MW, an increase of 935
caught by a blade with a larger surface area. A townMW on the 2006 total. Total wind power capacity
of 8,000 needed 40 turbines to meet its power needsinstalled by the end of 2007 will avoid about 90 million
in the mid-1990s, while just one larger model is neededtones of CO2 annually and produce 119 Terawatt
today to produce the same amount of energy.hours in an average wind year, equal to 3.7% of EU
There is a great deal of ongoing research around thepower demand. In 2000, less than 0.9% of EU
world to continue to improve the efficiency of the windelectricity demand was met by wind power. The
turbine. On the drawing boards are turbines with bladesEuropean countries have resolved that wind energy
almost 300 feet across. This size blade will drive thewill be 20% of their generating capacity by 2020.
cost of wind energy down to less than fossil fuelThe Asian nations are also quickly adopting wind
generation. To take advantage of the larger blade,energy. India added 1.8GW of wind energy in 2006.
Energy Unlimited in West Conshohocken, PennsylvaniaSuzlon Energy, based in Pune, is the world most
has patented the variable length blade or blade with aconsistently profitable wind turbine maker. Meanwhile,
blade. This innovation extends or contracts dependingChina, which had installed capacity of 2.6 GW in 2006,
on wind conditions. A controller in the base of theplans to install more than 30 GW, enough to power 30
tower responds to changes in wind speed, extendingmillion average Chinese homes by 2020.
the inside blade in lighter winds and retracting it inThe common hurdles to Acceptance of Wind Energy
heavier winds. Conventional turbines have to be shutare:
off when the wind is too strong. The variable blade isNot in my backyard
claimed to be 25% more efficient and is operating as aPeople do not like the sight or the sounds of windmills
prototype since 2002 near Palm Springs, California. Forin their backyards. This seems especially true for
those who are technically curious, there is a lot moreocean views. This is a major hurdle to conquer. It may
research occurring in universities and researchbe that the wind energy generating platform needs to
laboratories on the components of the turbine, thego further out which brings energy transmission
shapes of blades and predictions of the winds. Thisproblems.
research will continue to improve the wind turbineKills Birds and Bats
efficiency and further reduce the cost of wind energy.This concern is becoming less each day. A few
By almost any measure, wind generated energy isstudies to date have shown that the location of the
exploding. The growth is primarily limited by turbinewind turbine(s) is the major problem. Those turbines in
availability as the higher efficiency turbines aremigration paths cause the most problems. Thus the
introduced. The global wind-power industry has grownlocation of future turbines recognizes the concern for
from $11.8 billion in 2005 to $17.9 billion in 2006. Cleanbirds and bats. Also, different colors for the blades and
Edge Research projects the market will triple to $60.8warning noises are being studied to remove this
billion by 2016. In the United States in 2006 wind washazard.
the second-largest source of new generating capacity,Hurts Tourism
trailing only natural gas. More than 2.4 GW of newThere are small studies on this opinion, but there are no
capacity was installed, a 27% increase that broughtstatistical conclusions. If the turbines can be put out of
total U.S. wind generating capacity to 11.6 GW, enoughsight everyone is happy, but we may not always have
to power about 2.9 million homes , according to thethis luxury...